山东省灵山岛负载构造和球-枕构造研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张风霄  周瑶琪  王安东  于姗姗 《沉积与特提斯地质》2015,35(3):42-50

本文运用野外露头考察、沉积岩石学、地质统计等方法,对灵山岛的负载构造和球-枕构造进行研究。这些负载构造和球-枕构造侧向延伸好,在整个剖面上连续分布,具有多尺度、多形态、多组合等特点。形成负载构造和球-枕构造的前提条件是地层密度的倒置(上大下小),变形的根本驱动力是沉积物自身的重力。球-枕构造和负载构造的形成机制相同,只是变形程度和阶段不同。根据不对称负载构造受横向剪切力分析,证明早白垩世时该盆地存在古斜坡,并且SE高、NW低。综合考虑地震触发形成震积岩的标志特征和灵山岛的构造地质背景,认为本研究区的负载构造和球-枕构造系古地震触发形成。  相似文献   

ISO2394:2015 Annex D (Reliability of Geotechnical Structures)     

K.K. Phoon  J.V. Retief 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2015,9(3):125-127

ISO2394:2015 contains a new informative Annex D on “Reliability of Geotechnical Structures”. The emphasis in Annex D is to identify and characterize critical elements of the geotechnical reliability-based design process, while respecting the diversity of geotechnical engineering practice. This paper highlights the main features of Annex D and gaps for future work.  相似文献   

长期动荷载作用下冻结粉土的变形和强度特征   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

赵淑萍  马巍  焦贵德  常小晓 《冰川冻土》2011,33(1):144-151

根据长期动荷载作用下的蠕变试验结果,研究了冻结粉土的变形和动强度特征.试验分3组,第一、二组是小振幅动荷载试验,且第二组的动荷载幅值为第一组的两倍;第三组是大振幅动荷载试验,荷载最小值取接近于零的值,最大值与第一组对应.试验结果表明:各种振幅的动荷载作用下,冻土的累积应变随荷载振动次数的变化规律相同(都包括初始蠕变阶段、稳定蠕变阶段、渐进流阶段)但数值上有差异.在初始和稳定蠕变阶段,第三组试验的累积应变小于第一、二组的,但是第三组试验稳定蠕变阶段的应变速率很大,蠕变曲线迅速进入渐进流阶段,此后其累积应变值大于小振幅动荷载试验的;第一、二组试验的应变幅值随振次的变化规律相似,但与第三组的有明显不同,而且,第三组试验的应变幅值明显大于第一、二组试验的.各种振幅动荷载作用下冻土的残余应变随振次的变化规律相同,且偏移荷载载越大或动荷载振动幅值越大,残余应变越大;冻土的动强度随荷载振动次数的增加而衰减,直至趋于极限动强度,大振幅动荷载试验的极限动强度明显小于小振幅动荷载试验的.  相似文献   

Net ecosystem metabolism of a coastal embayment fertilised by upwelling and continental runoff     

D. Villegas-Ríos  X.A. Álvarez-Salgado  G. Rosón 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(5):400-413

O₂, N, P and Si net ecosystem metabolism of the Ría de Ares-Betanzos (NW Iberian upwelling system) was estimated during two 3-wk periods of contrasting summer downwelling and autumn upwelling conditions by means of a transient 2-D kinematic box model. The subtidal circulation was positive in both situations, although it was depressed during downwelling and enhanced during upwelling. Concurrently, the ría was fertilised mainly by shelf bottom waters, which introduced from 69% (under downwelling) to almost 100% (under upwelling) of the limiting N nutrients. The ría was an efficient nutrient trap: about 70% of the N nutrients that entered the embayment were retained under downwelling conditions (average flushing time, 9 days) and about 50% under upwelling conditions (average flushing time 3 days). Although the trapping efficiency was lower, the net ecosystem production (NEP) was much higher under upwelling (from 1.0±0.3 to 1.5±0.4 g C m⁻² d⁻¹), than under downwelling favourable winds (from 0.2±0.1 to 0.3±0.1 g C m⁻²). The stoichiometry of NEP suggests that P and N compounds recycled faster than C compounds, specially in the inner segment of the ría. The net degree of silification was twice in the inner than in the outer segment of the ría.  相似文献   

机车动荷载作用下多年冻土区铁路路基动力响应的试验研究     

陈拓  吴志坚  车爱兰 《地震工程与工程振动》2011,31(1):168-173

青藏铁路穿越多年冻土区因地温和含冰量的不同而采取了不同的路基结构形式,以减小或避免气温和工程扰动对其下部多年冻土的影响。为了把握多年列车振动荷载作用下多年冻土区不同结构路基的动力响应特征,对青藏铁路北麓河段典型结构路基进行了实时强震动测试,得到了多年冻土区铁路路基的振动加速度衰减规律,对于研究机车动荷载对青藏铁路多年冻土区路基变形的定量影响规律,保障青藏铁路安全运营具有重要的科学意义。  相似文献   

Flash flood sediment transport in a steep sand-bed ephemeral stream     

Paolo BILLI 《国际泥沙研究》2011,26(2):193-209

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Experimental investigation on seismic behavior of single piles in sandy soil     

Werasak Raongjant 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2011,10(3):417-422

This paper describes a quasi-static test program featuring lateral cyclic loading on single piles in sandy soil. The tests were conducted on 18 aluminum model piles with different cross sections and lateral load eccentricity ratios, e/d, (e is the lateral load eccentricity and d is the diameter of pile) of 0, 4 and 8, embedded in sand with a relative density of 30% and 70%. The experimental results include lateral load-displacement hysteresis loops, skeleton curves and energy dissipation curves. Lateral capacity, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of single piles under seismic load were evaluated in detail. The lateral capacities and the energy dissipation capacity of piles in dense sand were much higher than in loose sand. When embedded in loose sand, the maximum lateral load and the maximum lateral displacement of piles increased as e/d increased. On the contrary, when embedded in dense sand, the maximum lateral load of piles decreased as e/d increased. Piles with a higher load eccentricity ratio experienced higher energy dissipation capacity than piles with e/d of 0 in both dense and loose sand. At a given level of displacement, piles with circular cross sections provided the best energy dissipation capacity in both loose and dense sand.  相似文献   

Geometry Relations with Bed Load Formulae for Alluvial Boundaries     

Levent Yilmaz 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(2):121-127

Employing bed load formulae hydraulic geometry relations were derived for stream width, sediment transport velocity, and bed slope. The relations were examined in terms of friction factor, bed load discharge, bed load diameter, and water discharge. Two fundamental approaches to the prediction of hydraulic geometry have been developed. The first and most widely adopted approach is based on empirical equations whereas the second is based on solution of the governing equations of flow. The applied bed load formulae belong to different authors. Here, the comparison with the other derived relations is presented.  相似文献   

利用遗传算法的网络GIS集群服务器动态负载均衡算法     

朱莉  沈未名  李锐  徐胜勇 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2011,(6):721-725

针对现有负载均衡方法的不足和网络GIS数据的特点,提出了一种基于遗传算法的网络GIS集群服务器动态负载均衡方法。该算法将基于服务器状态和基于内容的调度算法综合起来考虑,设计了相应的编码机制和遗传操作。实验结果表明,和常用的负载均衡算法相比,此算法能获得更小的服务请求响应时间,能更好地服务网络GIS系统。  相似文献   

湖州市用电需求特性及其与气象条件的关系     

盛琼  朱晓东  骆丽楠  顾泽 《南京气象学院学报》2011,34(1):122-127

通过计算日用电量气象变化率lml、日最大用电负荷气象变化率lmh,分析了湖州市2006—2008年用电量及最大用电负荷的变化特征及其与气象要素的关系,着重研究了平均气温、最高气温、最低气温对用电量及最大用电负荷的影响,建立了日最大用电负荷、日用电量的预测模型。结果表明：用电量及最大用电负荷表现出年周期变化,且稳步递增,但月差异明显;不同月份不同气象因子对用电量及最大用电负荷的影响各有不同,lmh、lml与气象因子相关性显著的月份集中在6—10月;在不同温度范围,气温对用电量及最大用电负荷的影响程度也不同,随着气温变化,用电量和最大用电负荷的变化率最大可达20%;在7月、8月,气温升高1℃时,lmh、lml的变化最大,可达2%～5%。  相似文献